Proactive Surgical Management and Outcomes of Unilateral Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures in Major Trauma Patients: A National Level I Center Experience

This study evaluated the effectiveness of proactive surgical treatment for unilateral zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures in patients with severe polytrauma. A retrospective analysis was conducted at a national level I trauma center from October 2019 to August 2021, involving 81 patients. Trauma severity was categorized using the Injury Severity Score (ISS), and 52 patients underwent surgery. Three-dimensional CT analysis (AVIEW, Coreline Soft Inc.) assessed Dx, Dy, Dz, and the Asymmetry Index (AI), showing superior postoperative symmetry in the high ISS group (P<0.010). Although complications such as diplopia and paresthesia were more common in the high ISS group, no significant difference was observed. The findings suggest that proactive surgical management improves facial symmetry and functional outcomes in severe trauma patients.